![]() The Romans subsequently crushed Bar Kokhba's revolt and destroyed the city of Betar, killing over 500,000 Jewish civilians (approximately 580,000) on 4 August 135 CE.The Second Temple built by Ezra and Nehemiah was destroyed by the Romans in 70 CE, scattering the people of Judea and commencing the Jewish exile from the Holy Land.According to the Talmud, the actual destruction of the Temple began on the Ninth of Av, and it continued to burn throughout the Tenth of Av. According to the Bible, the First Temple's destruction began on the 7th of Av (2 Kings 25:8) and continued until the 10th (Jeremiah 52:12). The First Temple built by King Solomon was destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 BCE, and the population of the Kingdom of Judah was sent into the Babylonian exile.The midrash quotes God as saying about this event, "You cried before me pointlessly, I will fix for you crying for the generations", alluding to the future misfortunes which occurred on the same date. For this, they were punished by God that their generation would not enter the land. The majority report caused the Children of Israel to cry, panic and despair of ever entering the " Promised Land". Only two of the spies, Joshua and Caleb, brought a positive report, while the others spoke disparagingly about the land. The Twelve Spies sent by Moses to observe the land of Canaan returned from their mission.History Five calamities Excavated stones from the Western Wall of the Temple Mount (Jerusalem, Israel), knocked onto the street below by Roman battering rams in 70 CEĪccording to the Mishnah ( Taanit 4:6), five specific events occurred on the ninth of Av that warrant fasting: As the day has become associated with remembrance of other major calamities which have befallen the Jewish people, some kinnot also recall events such as the murder of the Ten Martyrs by the Romans expulsions from England, Spain, and elsewhere massacres of numerous medieval Jewish communities by Crusaders and the Holocaust. The Book of Lamentations, which mourns the destruction of Jerusalem, is read in the synagogue, followed by the recitation of kinnot, liturgical dirges that lament the loss of the Temples and Jerusalem. The observance of the day includes five prohibitions, most notable of which is a 25-hour fast. ![]() ![]() Tisha B'Av falls in July or August in the Gregorian calendar. Tisha B'Av marks the end of the three weeks between dire straits and is regarded as the saddest day in the Jewish calendar, and it is thus believed to be a day which is destined for tragedy. 'the ninth of Av') is an annual fast day in Judaism, on which a number of disasters in Jewish history occurred, primarily the destruction of both Solomon's Temple by the Neo-Babylonian Empire and the Second Temple by the Roman Empire in Jerusalem. The fasts of Gedalia, the Tenth of Tevet and the Seventeenth of Tammuz, the Three Weeks & the Nine Days Mourning the destruction of the ancient Temples and Jerusalem, and other major calamities which have befallen the Jewish people.įasting, mourning, prayer, abstaining from physical pleasuresĩth day of Av (if Shabbat, then the 10th of Av) Destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem, by Francesco Hayez
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